Juniperus excelsa M.Bieb.

 
  • Family : CUPRESSACEAE
    (Cypress Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : MORPANKHI FAMILY (मोरपंखी फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System IV) : Cupressaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Juniperus foetida var. excelsa (M.Bieb.); Juniperus sabina var. excelsa (M.Bieb.); Sabina excelsa (M.Bieb.); Juniperus aegaea Griseb.; Juniperus excelsa var. depressa O.Schwarz; Juniperus excelsa var. pendula Sénécl.; Juniperus excelsa f. stricta (Jacob-Makoy) Rehder; Juniperus excelsa var. stricta (Jacob-Makoy) Rafarin; Juniperus excelsa stricta Jacob-Makoy; Juniperus isophyllos K.Koch; Juniperus lasdeliana P.Lawson ex Gordon & Glend.; Juniperus lycia Pall.; Juniperus olivieri Carrière; Juniperus perkinsii Gordon; Juniperus religiosa Endl.; Juniperus sabina Gueldenst.; Juniperus sabina var. taurica Pall.; Juniperus stricta (Jacob-Makoy) Gordon; Juniperus taurica (Pall.) Lipsky; Juniperus venusta Gordon; Sabina isophyllos (K.Koch) Antoine; Sabina olivieri (Carrière) Antoine; Sabina religiosa Antoine.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Juniperus excelsa M.Bieb.
  • Habit : Tree
  • Comments / notes : Wood for fuel, beams, pencils; fruit medicinal, incense use.
  • Key identification features : Monoecious medium-sized trees; upper branches with opposite decussate scale-like broadly ovate leaves 1.5–2 mm long, closely appressed; lower branches with subulate pungent leaves 6–8 mm long; male cones terminal, scales imbricate; female cones subglobose, blue-black when ripe, ~10 mm broad; seeds 2–5, usually 3–5, brownish-yellow, thick testa.
  • Reproductive stages : September-November
  • Distribution :
    • Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand
    • Sikkim : Sikkim
    • Himachal Pradesh : Himachal Pradesh
    • Arunachal Pradesh : Arunachal Pradesh
    • Nagaland : Nagaland
    • Jammu and Kashmir : Kashmir
    • Manipur : Manipur
  • Exotic/Native : Exotic
  • World Distribution : Albania, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Krym, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Palestine, Transcaucasus, Turkey, Yugoslavia
  • Literature :
    • Bhatt, D., Chandra Sekar, K., & Kumar, K. (2020). Tree Diversity of Indian Himalayan Region. In G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment. G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment. Pg.: 119 https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/574700718
  • Read more :
  • Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Juniperus excelsa
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Juniperus excelsa. Downloaded on 3 October 2026.

Distribution District wise

India Distribution

World Distribution

GBIF Distribution

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