Citharexylum flexuosum (Ruiz & Pav.) D.Don

 
  • Family : VERBENACEAE
    (Verbena Or Vervain Family)
  • Family (Hindi name) : SAGVAN FAMILY (सागवान फैमिली)
  • Family (as per The APG System IV) : Verbenaceae
  • Synonym(s) : Rauvolfia flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.; Citharexylum kobuskianum Moldenke; Citharexylum retusum D.Don; Citharexylum spinosum (Cav.) Kunth; Duranta buxifolia Willd. ex Schauer; Rauvolfia macrophylla Ruiz & Pav.; Rauvolfia spinosa Cav.
  • Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Citharexylum flexuosum (Ruiz & Pav.) D.Don
  • Habit : Shrub or Tree
  • Key identification features : Shrub or small tree, much branched, spiny; Stem erect, terete; Branches erect-spreading, 4-angled; Leaves opposite, oblong to obovate, apex obtuse, sometimes emarginate, margin entire, upper surface glabrous, rugose, shining, lower surface pubescent with prominent veins; Spines axillary, forked, older spines branched, leafy; Inflorescence short racemes, arise from bud-like points, flexuous, each raceme bears 7-9 flowers; Flowers small, very sweetly fragrant, corolla whitish-yellow, limb and throat villous; Fruit drupe, blackish-purple; Seeds 2, obovate, outer surface convex, bilocular.
  • Distribution :
    • Maharashtra : Kerala
    • Puducherry : Tamil Nadu
  • Native : Peru
  • Exotic/Native : Exotic
  • World Distribution : Peru
  • Literature :
    • Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad
    • Mugal, Muzamil Ahmad
    • Wani, Sajad Ahmad (2023). ToI, Ver.-I : Trees of India, Version-I. figshare. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.23226281.v1
  • Read more :
  • Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Citharexylum flexuosum
  • Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Citharexylum flexuosum. Downloaded on 4 October 2026.

Distribution District wise

India Distribution

World Distribution

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