- Family : RHIZOPHORACEAE
(Mangrove Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : SADABAHAR FAMILY (सदाबहार फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System IV) : Rhizophoraceae
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Rhizophora apiculata Blume
- Vernacular name :
- Rai (Oria)
- Kandal (Tamil)
- Kaya-kandel, Vallikandel (Malayalam)
- Habit : Tree
- Habitat : Tidal forests
- Key identification features : A mangrove tree
- Flower, Fruit : Throughout the year
- Collection Nos : KFP 10969
- Distribution :
- Karnataka : Uttara Kannada district, Udupi district, Dakshina Kannada district
- Kerala : Kasaragod district, Kannur district, Kozhikode district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Kottayam district, Alappuzha district, Kollam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
- Maharashtra : Thane (Airoli), Sindhudurg
- Odisha : Cuttack district, Koraput district, Kendrapara district
- Tamil Nadu : Cuddalore district, Ramanathapuram district
- West Bengal : South 24-Parganas (Sundarbans)
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman Islands, Magar Nallah, Campbell Bay, Galathea river mouth in Great Nicobar Island
- Native : Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, Caroline Islands, China Southeast, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Hainan, India, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Marianas, Myanmar, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Tropical SE. Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia
- Conservation Status : Least Concern (LC)
- Literature :
- Saldanha, C. J. 1996. Flora of Karnataka vol. 2
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- Henry, Kumari & Chithra (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India vol. 1
- K.Ravikumar, A.C.Tangavelou, & Navendu Page. (2021). Seed plants of Karnataka, India: A concise dictionary. FRLHT-TDU, National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), Chennai.
- B. K. Sinha. (1999). Flora of Great Nicobar Island (P. K. Hajra & P. S. N. Rao, Eds.). Botanical Survey of India.
- Read more :
- Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Rhizophora apiculata
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Rhizophora apiculata. Downloaded on 4 October 2026.
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