• Family : OLEACEAE
  (Olive Or Jasmine Family)
• Family (Hindi name) : MOGRA FAMILY (मोगरा फैमिली)
• Family (as per The APG System IV) : Oleaceae
• Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.
• Common name : Coral Jasmine, Night Jasmine, Arbor Tristis, Har Singar, Parijat, Sad tree, Tree of Sadness, Tree of Sorrow
• Vernacular name :
  • Harsimgar, Seoli, Sinharu (Hindi)
  • Parijata (Kannada)
  • Pavalamalli, Paarijaatham (Tamil)
  • Parijatam, Paghada malli, Krishti (Telugu)
  • Gangaseoli, Godokodika, Gurjo seoli, Singaroharo, Sepli, Sedi, Siruli, Gantha khelika, Gutikhadika, Godokodika, Singhara (Oria)
  • Parijatah (Sanskrit)
  • Mannapu, Paarijatham, Pavizhamalli, Pavizhamulla (Malayalam)
• Habit : Tree
• Habitat : Open forests
• Comments / notes : Often planted in gardens and places of worship. Flowers are very fragrant.
• Key identification features : Deciduous trees, 9-10 m high; branchlets scabrid pilose; Leaves ovate, acute, distantly toothed to subentire, scabrid; Flowers in hairy, quadrangular peduncles arranged in cymes, sessile with orange red tubes and white lobes, fragrant; Capsules orbicular, compressed, apex mucronate-emarginate.
• Flower, Fruit : September-April
• Collector(s) Name : R.Raghavendra Rao
• Collection Date : 06/02/1970
• Collection Nos : KFP 855
• Collection Locality : Botanical garden, Manasagangotri, Mysuru
• Distribution :
  • Andhra Pradesh : Andhra Pradesh
  • Telangana : Nagarkurnool district
  • Karnataka : Dakshina Kannada district, Mysuru district, Bengaluru Urban district, Bengaluru Rural district
  • Kerala : All districts of Kerala
  • Odisha : Odisha
  • Tamil Nadu : Tamil Nadu
  • Jharkhand :
  • Madhya Pradesh : Madhya Pradesh
  • Gujarat : Junagadh
  • Sikkim : Sikkim
  • Arunachal Pradesh : Kameng
  • Meghalaya : Meghalaya
  • Assam : Assam
  • Nagaland : Nagaland
  • Delhi : Delhi
  • Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab : Punjab
  • Mizoram : Mizoram
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  • Manipur : Manipur
  • Tripura : Tripura
• Native : Bangladesh, Cambodia, Bhutan, India, Jawa, Laos, Nepal, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
• Exotic/Native : Native
• World Distribution : Bangladesh, Cambodia, Bhutan, India, Jawa, Laos, Nepal, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
• Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
• Literature :
  • Pullaiah et al., 2011 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 4
  • J.L.Ellis, 1990- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 2
  • H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1995- Flora of Orissa Vol. 2
  • R. S. Rao et al., 1986 - Flora of West Godavari District
  • R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
  • H. O. Saxena and M. Brahmam, 1989 - The Flora of Similipahar (Similipal), Orissa
  • Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
  • Matthew, K.M., The Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
  • Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
  • G.S Giri., A.Pramanik., H.J. Chowdhery., G.D Pal and S.K. Das (2008). Materials for Arunachal Pradesh, Vol (2), Pg: 150
  • Indigenous Plants at Biodiversity Park, Ranchi - Ranchi Afforestation Division, Forest and Environmental Department, Jharkhand
  • K. Karthigeyan, R. P. Pandey, & A. A. Mao (Eds.). (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Vol. 2). Director, Botanical Survey of India.
• Read more :
  • GBIF Data Online (Access to herbarium specimens)
  • Plants of the World Online
  • World Flora Online
  • Global Plants on JSTOR
• Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
• Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. Downloaded on 4 October 2026.

Botanical Description

Herbarium Specimen(s)

Field Image(s)

Distribution District wise

India Distribution

World Distribution

GBIF Distribution