- Family : RUTACEAE
(Rue Or Citrus Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : NIMBU FAMILY (नींबू फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System IV) : Rutaceae
- Synonym(s) : Feronia limonia (L.) Swingle
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Limonia acidissima L.
- Common name : Wood Apple, Elephant Apple, Curd fruit, Monkey fruit
- Vernacular name :
- Kaith, Kaatbelh (Hindi)
- Belada mara, Belavala mara (Kannada)
- Velamaram (Tamil)
- Velaga, Tor-elaga (Telugu)
- Kaitho, Behenta, BHenda, Koito, Koeta (Oria)
- Kapitthah (Sanskrit)
- Kavath (Marathi)
- Vilankai, Vilarmaram, Vilavu (Malayalam)
- Habit : Tree
- Habitat : Tropical dry deciduous forests, also grown in homesteads
- Comments / notes : On foothills of scrub jungles and hills up to 1000m. Occasionally cultivated for its fruits.
- Key identification features : Bark thin, greenish-grey, smooth
- Flower, Fruit : January-October
- Collector(s) Name : Cecil J. Saldanha, K.R.Keshava Murthy, S.R.Ramesh
- Collection Date : 06/04/1979
- Collection Nos : KFP 6810
- Collection Locality : Ankapura plantation, Near Sagarada, Tumkuru district
- Distribution :
- Andhra Pradesh : East Godavari district, Kurnool district, Y.S.R. Kadapa district, Prakasam district, Visakhapatnam district
- Karnataka : Kolar district, Belagavi district, Bengaluru Urban district, Bengaluru Rural district, Chitradurga district, Davanagere district, Dharwad district, Kalaburagi (Gulbarga) district, Kodagu (Coorg) district, Mysuru district, Tumakuru district
- Kerala : Wayanad district, Thrissur district, Ernakulam district, Kottayam district, Thiruvananthapuram district
- Maharashtra : All districts of Maharashtra
- Odisha : Angul district, Cuttack district, Puri district, Nayagarh district
- Tamil Nadu : Tamil Nadu
- Chhattisgarh : Raipur district
- Madhya Pradesh : Madhya Pradesh
- Delhi : Delhi
- Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh
- Punjab : Punjab
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Native : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- Pullaiah et al., 2002 - Flora of Eastern Ghats Vol. 1
- J.L.Ellis, 1987- Flora of Nallamalais Vol. 1
- H.O. Saxena & M. Brahmam, 1994- Flora of Orissa Vol. 1
- R. S. Rao and S. H. Sreeramulu, 1986 - Flora of Srikakulam District
- N.P.Singh, 1988. Flora of Eastern Karnataka
- Sudhakar Reddy, C et al., 2009. Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India
- Matthew, K.M., Flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic, Vol.3 (1). Diocesan Press, Madras. 1983
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- M.R. Almeida (1998). Flora of Maharashtra vol.2.
- Verma, D.M., et al 1985. Flora of Raipur, Durg and Rajnandagaon. Fl. of Ind. Ser. 3
- K.Ravikumar, A.C.Tangavelou, & Navendu Page. (2021). Seed plants of Karnataka, India: A concise dictionary. FRLHT-TDU, National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), Chennai.
- P. S. N. Rao, P. M. Padhey, B. K. Sinha, H. S. Debnath, P. Lakshminarasimhan, & L. N. Ray. (1999). Flora of Andaman-Nicobar Islands (Vol. 1). Director, Botanical Survey of India.
- Read more :
- Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Limonia acidissima
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Limonia acidissima. Downloaded on 3 October 2026.
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