- Family : ARECACEAE
(Palm Family)
- Family (Hindi name) : NARIYAL FAMILY (नारियल फैमिली)
- Family (as per The APG System IV) : Arecaceae
- Synonym(s) : Corypha pilearia Lour.; Licuala acutifida var. peninsularis Becc.; Licuala horrida Blume; Licuala pilearia (Lour.) Blume; Licuala ramosa Blume; Licuala spinosa var. cochinchinensis Becc.; Licuala spinosa var. eriantha Becc.
- Species Name (as per The IPNI) : Licuala spinosa Wurmb
- Common name : Swamp Fan-Palm, Mangrove Fan Palm
- Habit : Palm
- Habitat : Littoral and tidal swamp forests
- Comments / notes : Cultivated in Gardens
- Key identification features : Grows up to 2-7 m; leafstalk armed with tiny, pointed spines; Leaves peltate-orbicular, dark green, margins armed with black thorn; Inflorescence pendulous, longer than leaves; Fruit globose, orange-red
- Flower, Fruit : December-May
- Distribution :
- Karnataka : Common
- Kerala : Kerala
- Maharashtra : Maharashtra
- Tamil Nadu : Tamil Nadu
- Arunachal Pradesh : Tirap
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Native : Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Jawa, Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
- Exotic/Native : Native
- World Distribution : Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Jawa, Malaya, Myanmar, Philippines, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam
- Conservation Status : Not Evaluated (NE)
- Literature :
- Gopalakrishna Bhat, 2011 - Palms of Karnataka
- B. D. Sharma, S. Karthikeyan & N. P. Singh 1996 - Flora of Maharashtra state – Monocotyledons
- Sasidharan, N. 2011. Flowering plants of Kerala. DVD, V 2, KFRI.
- Parkinson, C.E. 1923. A Forest Flora of the Andaman Islands, Govt. of India, Shimla: 269
- H J, Chowdhery, et al. Materials for Flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Volume 3, Botanical Survey of India, 2009. Pg.: 225
- K.Ravikumar, A.C.Tangavelou, & Navendu Page. (2021). Seed plants of Karnataka, India: A concise dictionary. FRLHT-TDU, National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), Chennai.
- Read more :
- Permalink : https://indiatrees-ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Licuala spinosa
- Citation : Sankara Rao, K., Deepak Kumar (2026). India Trees and Vegetation Types. Licuala spinosa. Downloaded on 5 October 2026.
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